西方近代科学体制化的理论透析

Theoretical analysis on the systematizing of sciences in Occident modern times

科学体制化是科学技术能够得以持续、健康和快速发展的前提条件，是影响一个国家科技与社会经济发展状况的重要因素。西方的科学体制化是依次由英国、法国、德国到美国完成的。透过西方科技体制化历史进程的理论分析，可以发现西方科学体制化形成和发展的基本规律，基本上与近代科学中心的转移规律相一致。借鉴发达国家在科学体制化建设方面的成功经验和缺失，对于发展中国的科学技术事业，无疑具有重要的现实意义。

Science systematization is the prerequisite for science and technology to develop sustainedly, healthily and rapidly, it is a important factor influencing development of national science-technology and society-economy. Science systematization was successively realized in Britain, France, Germany and US. Through theoretical analysis on the historical process of science systematization in western countries, we can find that the basic regularity of the formation and development of science systematization in western countries is almost identical with the shift order of prosperous center of modern science. Studying the successful experience and the shortage of science systematization in developed countries is practically significant for the development of science and technology in China.