基于旅游开发视角的丽江古城空间形态演变研究

Study on Histological Changes of Spatial Form in Old Town of Lijiang Evaluated by Life-cycle Theory of Tourism Destination

根据丽江古城旅游发展的历史情况,通过实地调研251个旅游相关人员,从整体空间形态、建筑空间形态、街巷空间形态、水系空间形态和绿化与开敞空间形态五个方面分析古城空间形态的演变。研究结果表明:1古城整体空间逐步向东和南部扩张,旅游快速发展期空间结构已无法仿效旅游缓慢发展期的区域核心文化意境和景观意向。2古城建筑平面形式更简单,民居室内空间更封闭。3古城某些传统街巷空间界面的完整性破坏,视觉走廊与天际轮廓因建筑改造而被破坏。4大量滨水空间被占用,街巷滨水空间利用不均匀。5庭院绿化空间向屋外空间蔓延,公共绿化空间层次虽更丰富,但造成景观不和谐;古城出入口不断增多,更加宽敞,标识更清晰。

According to the tourism developmental procedure of the old town of Lijiang,combined with it,through on site investigating of251 tourism-related personnel,this paper made a comparative analysis of spatial form,including the overall spatial form,architectural space form,spatial form of streets,water spatial form and greening and open space form. The results indicated： 1The ancient town was gradually expanded to the east and south,the spatial form of new region was very different from the traditional region,unable to follow the core of the traditional regional culture and landscape artistic conception. 2 Architectural plane form became more simple,more closed residential interior space. 3Space interface integrity of some traditional streets and lanes were destroyed,visual corridor and skyline contour were damaged due to building renovation. 4Lot of waterfront space was occupied and uneven used. 5Courtyard green space spreaded to the outside space,the quantity of entrances was increasing,more spacious and clear. Square street had lost traditional functions,the space enclosed degree got lower.Spatial form of the ancient town had undergone tremendous change.