在地方发现全球性:人类学的视角——兼谈龙脊古壮寨生态重建案例

Discovering the Global from the Local: An Anthropological Perspective——Taking the Ecological Restoration of Longji Ancient Zhuang Village as an Example

在相当长的一段历史时期内,人类学并没有处理好地方与全球的辩证关系。无论是从单个点出发的民族志研究,还是单纯宏大叙事的论述,都已很难得到当代人类学界的欢迎。因此,必须通盘考虑两种研究范式的优点和不足,并在实践过程中加以改进。作为当代环境人类学的一种重要方法,政治生态学将"地方性"的环境事务置于全球的背景中去洞察,较好地处理了地方-全球复杂的辩证关系。从政治生态学的视角去看,龙脊古壮寨的生态重建与外部世界存在着千丝万缕的联系。如今,龙脊古壮寨已经成为国内外知名的旅游景点,成为全球性旅游资源配置体系的一个重要节点,与整个中国乃至世界的产业布局关系密切。

In its long history,anthropology has not well dealt with the dialectical relation between the local and the global. Neither ethnographic study starting from a single point nor simply grand narrative exposition are welcomed in contemporary anthropological circle. Therefore,we must take into consideration the advantages and disadvantages of the two research paradigms and make improvement in practice. As an important method of contemporary environmental anthropology,political ecology inspects local environment issues from the context of global insight and better deals with the complex dialectical relationship between the local and the global. From the perspective of political ecology,the ecological restoration of Longji Ancient Zhuang Village is linked with the outside world inextricably. Nowadays,the village has become a well known tourist attraction both at home and aboard,a node in the system of global tourist resource allocation and is closely linked with the whole industrial layout of China and the world.