基于主成分分析的观赏生菜品质综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation for Ornamental Lettuce Based on Principal Component Analysis

为筛选决定观赏生菜综合品质的重要指标,用以综合评价观赏生菜品种,以7个观赏生菜品种为材料,测定其形态指标、营养品质、观赏品质以及产量等指标,采用主成分分析法进行综合评价。对16个指标进行主成分分析后,一共提取到5个主成分,其累积方差贡献率达到96.45%,反映了观赏生菜综合品质方面的绝大部分信息。根据主成分载荷结果和主成分贡献率可知,对形态指标影响最大的是叶宽、叶长等2个主要指标;对营养品质影响最大的是硝态氮含量、可溶性蛋白含量、含水量、可溶性糖含量和花青素含量等5个主要指标;在评价观赏品质时,主要评定其叶色、叶形、株型等3个指标;在评价产量时,可通过测定鲜重来判断。利用提取出的5个主成分代替原有16个指标对7个观赏生菜品种品质进行综合评分及排序,筛选出最优品种为Regina Delle Ghiacciole,最差品种为Quattro Stagioni。研究结果为提高观赏生菜品种筛选效率及优良品种推广提供了理论依据。

In this study,seven cultivars of ornamental lettuce were selected to measure morphological indices,nutritional quality,ornamental quality and yield etc.Principal component analysis（PCA）was used to screen out the main indexes which determined the integrated quality to make a comprehensive evaluation for ornamental lettuce.The PCA results showed that 5principal components could reflect most details on comprehensive quality of ornamental lettuce with accumulative contribution rate of 96.58%.According to the cumulative contribution of principal components,leaf width and leaf length had the most impact on morphological indices.Nitrate nitrogen,soluble protein,moisture content,moluble sugar and anthocyanin were 5indexes which affected nutritional quality the most.Leaf color,leaf shape and plant type were the main indexes to estimate ornamental quality.Fresh weight can be used to evaluate yiled.Regina Delle Ghiacciole was the finest cultivar and Quattro Stagioni was the worst by using the 5principal components rather than the original 16 indexes in comprehensive quality scoring and ranking.The results of the study provided theoretical basis for cultivar screening and superior cultivar popularizing of ornamental lettuce.