当前海关改革发展的纲领性文件——学习《海关全面深化改革总体方案》的体会

Guidelines on Customs Reform and Development

《海关全面深化改革总体方案》(以下简称《方案》)立足于2014—2020年,就海关改革从近中远期做出了一系列的决策部署,既有顶层设计,也有具体改革,是当前和今后一段时期内指导海关改革发展的纲领性文件。目前海关面临的矛盾主要表现为:多重监管压力依然集中在现场通关环节,关区之间存在藩篱、业务条线存在蜂窝煤现象,海关风险防控的整体能力不强。破解以上的矛盾难题,基本前提是要优化三级事权,对现有的海关通关流程进行科学化改造。《方案》提出了构建一体化通关管理格局这一崭新思路,这是海关通关流程科学化改造的最新成果,主要内容体现为"两个中心三项制度"。

Oriented towards the period between 2014 and 2020,the General Program for Comprehensively Deepening Customs Reform（ hereinafter referred to as the Program） has laid down a series of action plans for the short,intermediate and long term Customs reform,including both top-level designs and corresponding specific reform initiatives,It serves as guidelines in conducting Customs reform and development at the current stage and in near future. At present,the dilemma for Customs administration could be listed as follows： a. multifarious burden of control in clearance on the field; b. barriers between Customs districts and operational patterns. c. Risk prevention capacity as a whole is still weak. The precondition to address these bottlenecks seems to lie in the optimization of the three-level authorities and scientific restructuring of the current clearance procedure. The Program proposes a brand-new route to construct the one-stop clearance mode,which is the latest achievement of the effort to scientific ally reconstruct Customs clearance procedure,that is,＂two centers and three systems＂.