1Ungerer, F. & H. J. Schmid. 2001. An Introduc-tiontoCognitiveLinguistics.[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,p66-69.
2Langacker, R. W. 1987. Foundations of Cognitive Grammar [ M ]. Volume 1. Theoretical Prerequi- sites. Stanford. Stanford University Press, p5 ; p144; p231.
3Chomsky, N. 1965. Aspects of the Theory of Syn- tax. [ M ]. Cambridge, MA: M. I.T. Press.