个体认知对医务人员血源性职业暴露防护行为的影响

The impact of blood-borne occupational exposure to the medical personnel on individual cognitive

目的 从行为运作的视角,探讨个体认知如何影响医务人员血源性职业暴露防护行为.方法 以健康信念模式作为理论基础设计调查问卷,采用多级抽样法,对遵义市14所医院医务人员进行调查,应用结构方程模型分析数据.结果 样本数据与假设模型的契合度较为理想,医务人员血源性职业暴露防护行为可以被易感性认知、严重性认知、行为益处认知、行为障碍认知解释的变异量为87％.影响医务人员防护行为的因素从高到低分别为行为益处认知、严重性认知、行为障碍认知及易感性认知,其路径系数分别为0.39、0.27、-0.21、0.03.结论 易感性认知、严重性认知及行为益处认知对防护行为起正向作用,其中,行为益处认知对医务人员血源性职业暴露防护行为影响较大,行为障碍认知对防护行为起负向作用,应用健康信念模式能较好的解释医务人员血源性职业暴露防护行为.

Objective To discuss the influence of individual cognitive on medical personnel blood-borne occupational exposure protection action from the angle of behavior operation.Methods Medical staff of 14 hospitals in zunyi were investigated by questionnaire designed based on the theory of health belief model,and analyzed the data by structural equation model.Results Sample data and the assumption model was ideal,the blood-borne occupational exposure protective behavior of medical staff could be explained variance of 87% by susceptibility,severity,behavioral benefit and barrier cognition.The order of influencing factors from high to low were behavioral benefit,severity,behavioral barrier and susceptibility to cognition,and path coefficients were 0.39,0.27,-0.21,0.03.Conclusions Susceptibility,severity and behavioral benefit cognition have positive effection on protective behavior,the behavioral benefit cognition have more influence on blood-borne occupational exposure protective behavior of medical staff,and behavioral barrier cognition have negative effection,the results of health belief model can explain blood-borne occupational exposure protective behavior of medical staff better.