美国司法如何规制公众抗议——“公共论坛”原理及其启示

How American Justice Regulate Public Protest?——Doctrine of “Public Forum” and its Implications

美国司法规制公众抗议的经验主要是在"公共论坛"原理的框架下充分发挥法律和司法的作用:一方面基于宪法和法律为公民的公众抗议表达提供充分的公共论坛;另一方面通过司法判例确立公众抗议表达和政府规制的边界与规则。文章详细阐述了"公共论坛"原理的发展脉络、主要内容和实际应用,美国经验对规范我国民众群体表达行为的启示在于:须开放制度空间为公民正当的诉求表达提供"公共论坛";以法律为依据实现应对公众抗议的分类治理;应充分发挥司法在规范公众抗议中的规则形塑功能。

The experience of American justice regulate public protest is that give full play to the role of the law and justice in the framework of doctrine of public forum: on the one hand, according to constitution and law provide adequate public forum for citizens; on the other hand, through judicial precedent established boundary and rules of public protest and government regulation.The article expounds the growth, content, and practical application of public forum doctrine. The enlightenment of American experience is that governance group events should open system space in order to provide public forum for citizens legitimate expression; based on the law to classified management of public protest; give full play to the function of established rules through justice.