基于火灾荷载的服装批发商铺火灾危险程度分级

Fire hazard classification of clothing wholesale shops based on fire load

选取北京市服装批发商铺为调研对象,基于火灾荷载对其危险程度进行分级,旨在控制商铺火灾荷载,预防火灾事故。统计200家商铺火灾荷载及其分布规律,测量15个防火分区的空间结构及布局的相关数据并分析规律,构建典型服装批发商场建筑模型。运用FDS模拟各安全出口达到危险临界状态的时间,运用Evac模拟达到危险临界时间的危害程度,即人员的未成功逃生人数,进而确定服装批发商铺火灾危险等级。结果表明:Q<5 040 MJ,为安全级别,未造成人员危害;5 040 MJ≤Q≤5 328 MJ,为I1级危险,造成1人以上、10人以下危害;Q>5 328 MJ,为I2级危险,造成10人以上危害。

Chose clothing wholesale market as the typical place in Beijing,divided fire hazard grading of shops based on fire load in order to give reference for fire load control and fire prevention.Statistical analysis on fire load and distribution of 200 shops was made,measured and analyzed structural layout of 15 fire apartment,and then constructed model of typical clothing wholesale shops.FDS was used to simulate the critical time of exits,Evas was used to simulate fire hazard at the critical time,which was the number of people without escape,and then defined fire hazard classfication.The results showed that：Q 5 040 MJ,security level,causing no hurt;5 040 MJ≤Q≤5 328 MJ,I1level,causing more than one person and less than 10 persons harm;Q5 328 MJ,I2 level,causing more than 10 persons harm.