冠心病患者主要照顾者知信行的调查与分析

Survey and analysis on knowledge,attitude and practice for main caregivers of patients with coronary heart disease

目的调查分析冠心病患者主要照顾者冠心病知识、信念及行为的水平。方法采用问卷调查方式了解浙江省某三级甲等医院107位门诊冠心病患者主要照顾者的知识、信念和行为的情况。结果主要照顾者疾病知识水平中位数分14.0分,多个条目知晓率〈50%,尤其急救处理方面,中位数分1.0分,总体较差;年龄、文化程度、家庭收入、是否与患者同住等对知识水平有影响（P〈0.05）。照顾者对戒烟、限制饮食、与患者交流、定期复查、患者及自己学习冠心病知识方面认为非常有必要/有必要的百分率超过80%,总体较积极,但对患者需终身用药、坚持运动及自身学习急救知识技术认为必要率仅为52.34%、55.14%及29.91%。对冠心病患者戒烟、饮食、服药及复查方面的经常/总是督促提醒行为达到60%-70%,在督促控制体重、运动、缓解患者压力、提醒携带识别卡和硝酸甘油及自身了解冠心病保健知识方面经常/总是的行为不足50%,经常/总是学习急救技术的照顾者为0。结论冠心病患者主要照顾者的知识水平、对冠心病的态度及对患者的照顾行为需要提高。

Objective To investigate the level of knowledge on coronary heart disease,attitude and practice（KAP）for main caregivers of patients with coronary heart disease.Method Investigate 107 caregivers of outpatients with coronary heart disease from a Class A tertiary hospital in Zhejiang Province on KAP.Result Median score on knowledge for caregivers is 14.0.Awareness rate of several items are lower than 50%.Median score on emergency treatment is 1.0,which is low.Age,education level,family income,whether lives with the patient have effect on knowledge level（P〈0.05）.Rate of feel it very necessary/necessary to quit smoking,control diet,communicate with the patient,regularly reexamine and learn on coronary heart disease knowledge is higher than 80% for caregivers,which is generally active.But rates are only52.34%,55.14% and 29.91% for caregivers to think it necessary to keep lifelong medication,exercise for patients and their own acquirement on emergency treatment skill.Rate of often/always reminding on quitting smoking,diet control,taking drug and reexamination reaches 60%-70%.Rate of often/always reminding on controlling weight,keeping exercise,relieving pressure,carrying identification card and nitroglycerin and studying on health care knowledge is lower than 50%.Rate of often/always studying on emergency treatment is 0.Conclusion KAP of main caregivers for patients with coronary heart disease need to be improved.