单纯甲状腺肿瘤患者术后并发症的观察及护理对策研究

Observation of postoperative complications of simple goiter patients and its nursing measures

目的探究单纯甲状腺肿瘤患者术后并发症的发生情况以及护理对策。方法选取248例进行手术治疗的单纯甲状腺肿瘤患者作为研究对象,观察并分析患者术后并发症的发生情况以及相对应的护理措施情况。结果 248例单纯甲状腺肿瘤患者术后有30例发生并发症,其中呼吸困难和窒息8例(清创止血、葡萄糖酸钙静推治疗有效8例,有效率为100%)、乳糜漏6例(开放引流治疗有效6例,有效率为100%)、甲状旁腺功能低下5例(葡萄糖酸钙静推治疗有效4例,有效率为80%)、术后出血8例(止血并严密观察生命体征治疗有效8例,有效率为100%)、喉返或喉上神经损伤3例(积极判断神经损伤并及时纠正治疗有效2例,有效率为66.7%)。结论对单纯甲状腺肿瘤患者术后密切观察病情及实施相对应的护理干预措施,可减少患者术后并发症的发生,提高治疗效果,提升患者满意度。

Objective To explore the situation of postoperative complications of simple goiter patients and its nursing measures. Methods A total of 248 patients with simple goiter operation were selected as research objects. The situation of postoperative complications and nursing measures of patients were observed and analyzed. Results There were 30 simple goiter patients with postoperative complications, and the incidence rate was 12.10%, 8 cases with dyspnea and choking （treated with debridement hemostasis and calcium gluconate intravenous injection with 100 % curative efficacy）, 6 cases with chylous leakage（treated with opening drainage with 100 % curative efficacy）, 5 cases with hypoparathyroidism（treated with calcium gluconate intravenous injection with 80% curative efficacy） and 8 cases with postoperative bleeding（treated with hemostasis and observed the vital signs closely with 100 % curative efficacy）, 3 cases with laryngeal recurrent nerve and laryngeal nerve damage（judged nerve damage positively and corrected timely with 2 cases were cured, with 66.7 % curative efficacy） . Conclusion Closely illness observation and implementation corresponding treatment measures after the surgery could reduce postoperative complications, improve the efficacy, and increase patients＇ satisfaction.