随访干预对院外哮喘患儿症状发作及生活质量的影响

Influence of nursing intervention during follow-up on symptoms and quality of life in non-hospitalized children with asthma

目的探讨随访干预在院外哮喘患儿中的应用效果。方法 100例哮喘患儿随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组常规出院宣教,观察组实施随访干预,比较2组患儿院外遵医行为、症状发作情况,运用儿科哮喘生命质量调查问卷(PAQLQ)评价生活质量。结果观察组遵医行为优于对照组,症状积分和再次住院率低于对照组,症状控制率高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。出院后3个月,观察组情感、活动受限和生活质量总分均高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论随访干预能够有效控制院外哮喘患儿的症状发作,降低再次入院率,提高患儿的生活质量。

Objective To investigate the influence of nursing intervention during follow-up on symptoms and quality of life in non-hospitalized children with asthma. Methods A total of 100 children with asthma were randomly divided into observation group （n = 50） and control group （n = 50）. The control group was conducted with regular education at discharge, while the observation group was conducted with extra nursing intervention during follow-up. The compliance to medication and symptoms were recorded, and life quality of children was evaluated by pediatric asthma quality of life questionnaire （PAQLQ）. Results The observation group achieved better compliance to medication, lower symptom integral and rehospitalization rate, and higher control rate when compared with the control group （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）o After 3 months follow-up, emotion, activity limitation and total score significantly improved in the observation group （P 〈0.05 or P 〈 0. 01）. Conclusion Nursing intervention during follow-up is effective for symptom control, risk of rehospitalization and improvement of life quality in non-hospitalized children with asthma.