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间断抽搐伴进行性智力运动倒退4年 被引量:1

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摘要 病例介绍 患儿女,11岁,因间断抽搐、进行性智力运动倒退4年就诊。患儿于4年前(7岁4月龄)无明显诱因出现抽搐,表现为双眼上翻,四肢及躯体僵硬,呼之不应,约10余秒后出现四肢阵挛,持续1-2 min缓解,伴面色及口唇发绀。初始每半年发作1次,后逐渐增多,醒、睡均有发作,最频繁时1d内7-8次。2年余前出现第2种发作形式,表现为全身快速抖动一下,醒睡均有,每天发作10余次,严重时频繁抖动,影响进食、运动和睡眠。发病前智力运动正常,发病后智力运动明显倒退,表现为学习成绩进行性下降,走路不稳,易摔跤。曾给予多种抗癫癎药(丙戊酸钠、苯妥英钠、苯巴比妥、奥卡西平、左乙拉西坦、托吡酯、氯硝西泮、唑尼沙胺、拉莫三嗪)治疗,效果欠佳。既往史、个人史无特殊。家族史:父母体健;有一姐姐,体健;有一弟弟(8岁),肝脾明显增大,血常规示三系下降。体格检查:心肺无特殊,肝脏增大,肋下1 cm,质韧。神经系统体查:神志清,精神可,皮肤、毛发无特殊,颅神经检查无特殊,四肢肌力、肌张力正常,走路不稳,指鼻不准,不能走直线,四肢腱反射对称引出,病理征(-),脑膜刺激征(-)。辅助检查:血尿便常规正常;肝肾功能、血糖、电解质、肌酶检查均正常;血氨、乳酸、丙酮酸、β-羟丁酸、同型半胱氨酸检查正常;血、尿代谢筛查正常;眼底检查正常;腹部B超检查示肝脏增大,肋下1.5 cm,脾脏不大;多次脑电图检查示多灶及广泛棘波、多棘波、棘慢波、多棘慢波,Rolandic区著,监测到频繁肌阵挛发作(图1);前后两次头颅MRI扫描比较(间隔2年):大脑半球脑沟变深,脑室扩大(图2)。
出处 《中国当代儿科杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2015年第6期580-582,共3页 Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
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参考文献6

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二级参考文献12

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