成年人烟雾病患者工作记忆及注意力损害的研究

Working memory and attention impairment in adult patients with moyamoya disease

目的 探讨成年人烟雾病患者的工作记忆和注意力损害.方法 纳入首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经外科2014年4月至9月收住的成人烟雾病患者48例,同时纳入年龄、性别、教育程度、社会背景等相匹配的无脑部疾病48例志愿者为对照组.运用N-back、持续注意力反应测试（SART）评价受试者的视空间工作记忆及持续性注意力.结果 （1）N-back试验：烟雾病组和对照组比较,0-back试验中准确率分别为0.89 ±0.18、0.98 ±0.04,平均反应时间（RT）分别为（572±123）、（466±95） ms;1-back试验中准确率分别为0.55 ±0.23、0.72±0.20,RT分别为（763±232）、（750±202） ms;2-back试验中准确率分别为0.36±0.15、0.53±0.22,RT分别为（714±312）、（865±282）ms;除1-back的RT外,两组的其他指标比较,差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）;（2） SART试验：烟雾病组和对照组比较,击中率分别是0.88±0.19、0.98±0.03,RT分别为（458±112）、（382 ±91）ms,正确拒斥率分别为0.64±0.23、0.76±0.25,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 成人烟雾病患者存在视空间工作记忆及持续性注意力的损害.

Objective To investigate the working memory and attention impairment in adult patients with moyamoya disease.Methods Forty-eight adult patients with moyamoya disease admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery,Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University from April 1,2014 to September 15,2014 were enrolled,and the age,sex,education,social background matched 48 normal healthy controls were also enrolled at the same time.N-back and sustaining attention reaction test （SART） were used to assess the visual-spatial working memory and sustained attention of the participants.Results （1） The N-back test：the moyamoya disease group compared with the control group,the accuracy rates in the 0-back test were 0.89 ±0.18 and 0.98 ±0.04 respectively; the mean response times （RT） were 572 ± 123 and 466 ±95 ms respectively; the accuracy rates in the 1-back test were 0.55 ±0.23 and 0.72 ±0.20 respectively ; RT were 763 ± 232 and 750 ± 202 ms respectively; the accuracy rates in the 2-back test were 0.36 ± 0.15 and 0.53 ± 0.22 respectively ; RT were 714 ± 312 and 865 ± 282 ms respectively ; in addition to RT of 1-back,there were significant differences in other indicators （P 〈 0.05）.（2） The SART test：the moyamoya disease group compared with the control group,the hit rats were 0.88 ± 0.19 and 0.98 ± 0.03 respectively; and RT were 458 ± 112 and 382 ±91 ms respectively.The correct rejection rates were 0.64 ±0.23 and 0.76 ± 0.25 respectively,and there was significant difference （P 〈 0.05）.Conclusions Adult patients with moyamoya disease had the visual-spatial working memory and sustaining attention impairment.