冲动性和攻击性人格特征与大学生自伤自杀行为的关系

The investigation on impulsive and aggressive personality traits affecting college students self-injury suicide behavior

目的探索有无自伤或自杀行为的大学生冲动性和攻击性人格特质是否存在差异。方法按照整群抽样原则抽取2所大学的二、三年级所有专业共4918名在校大学生,其中4797名大学生完成调查。采用一般情况调查表、Barratt冲动性量表中文版(Barratt impulsiveness scale-Chinese versions,BIS-CV)、Buss和Perry攻击问卷中文版(Buss-Perry aggression questionnaire-Chinese versions,AQ-CV)、自行设计的大学生自杀意念及自伤或自杀行为调查问卷进行调查,比较有无自伤或自杀行为的大学生冲动性和攻击性人格特质差异。结果 4797名大学生中自伤或自杀行为报告率为3.75‰(18/4797),自杀意念报告率为38.42%(1843/4797)。与无自伤或自杀行为组相比,有自伤或自杀行为组BIS-CV量表总分更高(P<0.01),非计划性和行为冲动性的分量表分也更高(P<0.05)。有自伤或自杀行为组AQ-CV量表总分更高(P<0.01),身体攻击、言语攻击、愤怒、敌意、指向自我的攻击分量表得分也更高(P<0.01)。结论有自伤或自杀行为的大学生冲动性和攻击性均高于无自伤或自杀行为组,因此在自杀预防工作中有必要对高冲动性和攻击性人群进行有针对性和有效的预防干预措施。

Objective To examine the different effects of impulsive and aggressive personality on college students＇ suicide attempt. Methods Four thousand nine hundred eighteen sophomores and juniors were selected according to the principle of cluster sampling from Beijing agricultural university and Beijing university of information science and tech-nology. Four thousand seven hundred ninety-seven of them completed the survey. Their impulsive and aggressive person-ality were evaluated by the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-Chinese Versions （BIS-CV） and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire-Chinese Versions （AQ-CV）. A self-made questionnaire were used to investigate suicidal idea and self-in-jury/suicidal behavior of college students. Results Among the sophomores and juniors, 18 participants had self-injury/suicidal behavior （3.75‰） and 1843 had suicidal idea （38.42%）. Compared with the students who didn’t have self-inju-ry/suicidal behavior, those who once had self-injury/suicidal behavior had significantly higher BIS-CV score （P〈0.01） and higher scores of non-planning and motor factors （P〈0.05）. They also had significantly higher score in AQ-CV and the factors of physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, hostility and pointing to the self attacks （P〈0.01）. Conclu？ sions The college students with self-injury/suicidal behavior have higher tendency in impulsive and aggressive personali-ty. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent suicide behavior, form high impulsive and aggressive intention and behavior.