细胞结构动力学——实时调控细胞力学的因素分析

Structural Dynamics of Live Cells

机械力普遍存在于活细胞的生命活动中,而细胞内力学活动必须依赖骨架结构传递,这种独特的力学形式被称为细胞结构力学.单位时间内细胞结构力学变化受多因素调控,如外力、渗透压、动力分子、张力敏感性离子通道、胞内力学感受器及骨架组装等,构成了细胞结构动力学研究的重要内容.基于荧光共振能量转移(FRET)原理开发的荧光张力探针能整合到细胞骨架内,将细胞结构力学变化转化为光学信号,可能带来细胞力学研究的革命.随着细胞结构动力学研究内容的不断深入,特别是太空时代细胞力学稳态的打破,细胞结构动力学将在生命及医学研究领域显露出越来越重要的地位.

Almost all biological processes are involved in the modulation of mechanical force whose functions are physically involved with cytoskeleton. This unique form of mechanical force is called structural mechanics and it is regulated realtime by a variety of factors, such as exogenous force, motor proteins, osmotic pressure, mechanosensitive ion channels （MSCs）, intracellular mechanosensors and actin assembling. FRET-based force sensors which can be incorporated into structural proteins and turn structural force into optical signal can provide a realtime measurement of force in live cells. With the advent of the space age, structural dynamics will play a more and more important role in life and medical research.