新能源汽车驱动电机用高强度无取向硅钢片的研究与进展

Progress on the Research of High-strength Non-oriented Silicon Steel Sheets in Traction Motors of Hybrid/Electrical Vehicles

本文系统介绍了混合动力汽车和电动汽车所用驱动电机的特点和类型以及其对无取向硅钢片的要求,总结出适用于驱动电机的无取向硅钢片是既要求高强度、疲劳性能等力学性能,也要求高磁感和低的高频铁损等磁性能的复合材料。全面介绍了业界领先的各日本钢铁公司关于高强无取向硅钢片相关专利的具体内容,并通过相关热力学计算分析了各专利中所涉及的技术路线,得出析出强化技术路线是未来发展趋势,而其中Ti析出强化不可行,Nb析出强化可行但是成分和工艺窗口狭窄,且必须和Ni、Mn的固溶强化相结合;而Cu的析出强化途径工艺简单且易行、成本经济。

The characteristics and types of traction motors for hybrid/electrical vehicles and the requirements to non orientation silicon steel sheets were systematically reviewed.It was summed up that the non-orientation silicon steel sheets,which are suitable for traction motor,not only require high strength,fatigue properties,but also good magnetic properties,i.e.high permeability and low iron loss at high frequency.The specific contents of the relevant patents on the high strength non-orientation silicon steel sheets of the leading Iron and Steel Companies in Japan were introduced comprehensively,and the involved technological routes in the patents were analysized with thermodynamic calculations.It was concluded that precipitation strengthening technological route is the future developing trend.Particulary,Ti precipitation strengthening is not feasible; Nb precipitation strengthening is feasible but the composition and process window is narrow,and must be combined with the solution strengthening of Ni,Mn; while Cu precipitation strengthening process is simple,cost-effective,and practical.