西溪国家湿地公园血吸虫病传播的潜在危险性

Potential risks of schistosomiasis transmission in Xixi National Wetland Park

目的了解西溪国家湿地公园血吸虫病传播的潜在危险因素．为湿地公园血吸虫病动态监测提供技术方案。方法实验室内环境模拟钉螺生存繁殖，开展湿地区域本地、流动人口血清学和血吸虫病防治知晓情况调查，分析钉螺输入湿地的潜在危险因素，找出湿地区域血吸虫病监测的重点。结果本研究共调查3006人，血清学阳性19例，阳性率为0．63％，其中疫区组阳性率为1．00％（15例），非疫区组阳性率为0．27％（4例），两组血清学阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ2=6．410，P〈0．05）。3006位调查对象中，血防知识知晓率为56．02％，10-19岁人群知晓率最低（47．89％），30～39岁人群的知晓率最高（61．10％），文化程度越高，知晓率越高。结论西溪国家湿地公同面临着血吸虫病再次流行的潜在危险。血吸虫病监测工作重点应是钉螺输入、流动人口传染源输入和血吸虫病防治知识宣教等。

Objective To explore potential risk factors for schistosomiasis transmission in Xixi National Wetland Park and provide the technique project for dynamic monitoring schistosomiasis in wetland park. Methods The survival and reproduction of Oncomelania snails was simulated in internal environment of laboratory.The serology of local and floating population and the awareness of knowledge about prevention and treatment of schistosomiasis were surveyed. The potential risk factors on Oncomelania snails imported into wetland were investigated, and the monitoring emphasis, of schistosomiasis were found out. Results Among 3 006 people in the survey, there were 19 serology positive of which the positive ratio was 0.63% （19/3 006）. The positive ratio of patients from affected area group was 1.00%, while it was 0.27% of patients from non-epizootic area group. The difference between serology of two groups had statistical significance （χ2=6.410, P〈0.05）. Among 3 006 respondents, the awareness ratio of knowledge about prevention and cure of schistosomiasis was 56.02%. People between 10 to 19 years old bad the lowest awareness ratio （47.89%）, while 30 to 39 years old had the highest awareness ratio （61.10%）. Higher the education level was, higher the awareness ratio people would have. Conclusions Xixi National Wetland Park faced the potential risks of schistosomiasis epidemic again. The monitoring emphasis schistosomiasis should be the import of Oncomelania snails, the infection sources of floating population, and the awareness of knowledge about prevention and cure of schistosomiasis.