人工湖泊与地下水界面渗流量测试技术研究

Study on the determination technique of the interface seepage quantity between artificial lake and groundwater

地下水与地表水之间的交换直接影响了区域水资源形成及其结构特征。本文在吸收国内外研究成果的基础上,自行设计和加工一组渗透流量仪,采用砂槽模拟试验分别测定了渗流稳定时间和渗透流量仪校正系数,并优化了渗透流量仪的尺寸,最后将标定的渗透流量仪应用于大沽河东岸魏家屯人工湖泊与地下水渗流量的测定,取得了很好的效果。研究表明,渗流稳定时间的长短对测定结果影响很大,渗透流速越小需要的稳定时间越长;渗流仪直径由12.5cm增大至28cm可减少非均质性对结果的影响,且校正系数为1.10;人工湖泊四周均表现为人工湖泊补给地下水,湖泊东部及东北部交换强烈(1.44cm/d^3.28cm/d),湖泊南部交换较弱(0.56cm/d^0.92cm/d)。

The exchange between groundwater and surface water will influence the formation of regional water resources and its structure characteristics. Based on domestic and abroad research findings,a set of seepage flowmeter is designed and assembled. The time of seepage stabilization and flowmeter correction factor is determined by simulation test in a sand tank,and the flowmeter dimension is optimized. The flowmeter is used successfully to determine the seepage flow between Weijiatun artificial lake and groundwater located at the east bank of Dagu river. The research shows that the determination is affected greatly by the seepage stability time,the flow rate of seepage is small,the stability time is long; the flowmeter diameter increased from 12. 5cm to 28 cm,the influence of heterogeneity on the results would reduce and the correction factor is 1. 10; the groundwater is recharged by the artificial lake,the exchange in the east and northeast of the lake is severe（1. 44 cm / d ~ 3. 28 cm / d） and it exchange in the south is weak.