一种基于实践九号卫星的快速系统误差补偿技术

A Fast System Error Redressing Technology Base on SJ-9 Satellite

直接利用光学遥感卫星的严格成像模型对地面点进行定位,定位误差与卫星姿态测量误差有关,其中包括地球自转引起的偏流角误差和姿态角常差。偏流角误差可以根据星历数据予以有效消除,而姿态角常差一般要利用少量控制点进行消除。基于此,在消除偏流角的影响下,这里采用了一种改进的四元数算法——P-H算法用于快速计算姿态角常差,并对系统误差进行补偿。该技术较常用的欧拉角解算,具有原理简单,计算速度快和结果稳定的特点。通过实践九号卫星影像的实验表明,运用该技术能快速和大幅度提高卫星在稀少控制点情况下的定位精度。

The error of positioning directly by rigorous geometric model of optical remote sensing satellite without control point is related to the error of attitude angle, including the drift angle error caused by the earth＇s rotation and the constant angular error of attitude. The drift angle error can be eliminated by ephemeris data, and the impact of the constant angular error is reduced by few control points. Therefore, a fast system error redressing based on an enhanced quaternion—P-H algorithm is proposed, which is more simple, faster and more robust than the traditional algorithm of Euler angle. Finally, the result of the experiment in SJ-9 satellite is shown that precision can be quickly and significantly improved by using this technology with few control points.