基于SBBR的单级自养脱氮快速启动

Fast start-up of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite in SBBR

以普通活性污泥为接种污泥,采用人工配制无机氨氮废水进行单级自养脱氮工艺快速启动研究。启动过程经历了污泥适应期、部分短程硝化选择期以及单级自养脱氮实现期3个阶段。经过29 d的培养驯化,通过控制游离氨的方法实现了部分短程硝化。当出水中亚硝酸盐积累率达到60%左右时,立即将序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR)由连续曝气改为间歇曝气,间歇曝气使得厌氧氨氧化菌(AAOB)的富集与亚硝酸氧化菌(NOB)的淘汰同时进行,并且避免了高浓度亚硝酸盐对AAOB的抑制作用,从而实现了单级自养脱氮的快速启动。实验仅用50 d成功启动了SBBR单级自养脱氮工艺,总氮容积去除负荷达到0.173 kg N/(m3·d),氨氮的平均去除率达到98.68%,总氮的平均去除率达到80.87%。成功启动之后,反应器内只有少量的悬浮污泥,大部分的污泥都附着在填料上,污泥颜色呈褐色,而反应器内壁及出水管上附着的污泥呈浅砖红色,表明反应器内富集了大量的AAOB。

Reactor was seeded with conventional activated sludge,the fast start-up of CANON process was investigated with synthetic inorganic wastewater containing ammonia.The start-up course passed through three periods： sludge adaption stage,partial nitrification stage and autotrophic nitrogen removal stage.After domesticating for 29 days,partial nitrification was achieved by controlling free ammonia concentration.Aeration was transformed from continuous pattern into intermittent pattern as soon as nitrosation rate reached about 60% in effluent,enrichment of AAOB and washing out of NOB proceeded simultaneously by intermittent aeration,besides,intermittent aeration avoided high concentration of nitrite inhibiting AAOB,which facilitated the process initiation.The CANON process was successfully started up within 50 days,total nitrogen removal load were 0.173 kg N /（m3·d）,ammonia removal efficiency on average and total nitrogen removal efficiency on average were 98.68% and80.87%,respectively.After initiation,there was a small amount of suspended sludge in reactor,most of sludge adhered to filler was still brown,however,sludge adhered to lining of reactor and outlet pipe was light brick-red that indicated massive AAOB was enriched in reactor.