电子废弃物资源化全生命周期碳减排效益评估——以废弃电冰箱为例

Assessing GHG reduction benefit of WEEE recycling from a life cycle perspective: A case study of waste refrigerator

随着电器电子产品的快速消费和流转,我国正面临电子废弃物国内产生量和国外非法进口量迅速增长的现实问题。废弃电器电子产品处理基金政策(简称"基金"政策)推动了我国电子废弃物资源化产业的发展,带来显著的环境效益。通过解析电子废弃物生命周期过程及其关键的碳减排和碳排放环节,提出了电子废弃物资源化全生命周期碳减排效益评估方法,并以废弃电冰箱为例开展了案例研究。结果表明,制冷剂回收所致碳减排量占废弃电冰箱资源化过程全部碳减排量的92.5%;相对于制冷剂的回收,再生材料产出带来的碳减排效益并不显著;拆解处理所消耗电力的生产是资源化过程碳排放的主要来源,所占比例达89.7%;综合来看,单台废弃电冰箱资源化全生命周期的碳减排效益为1 573.17 kg CO2-eq,2013年我国废弃电冰箱在正规处理体系内资源化带来的碳减排总效益为94.86×104t CO2-eq,"基金"政策驱动效应已初步显现。

With the increasing consumption and turnover of electrical and electronic equipment（EEE）,China is now facing realistic issue from both growing domestic generation and foreign imports of waste electrical and electronic equipment（WEEE）.Chinese WEEE Fund Policy has been promoting the development of WEEE recycling industry,and it has also brought significant environmental benefits.This study presented a life cycle assessment method of greenhouse gas（GHG） reduction from WEEE recycling process,based on the analysis of WEEE life cycle stage and its GHG reducing contribution.Moreover,a case study of waste refrigerator was conducted.The results show that refrigerant recovery accounts for 92.5% of total GHG reduction from waste refrigerator recycling,while the contribution of secondary materials production is not noticeable.The production of electricity consumed by treatment process is the main source of GHG emissions,with the contribution proportion of 89.7%.Overall,the GHG reduction benefits from a refrigerator recycling is 1 573.17 kg CO2-eq,and the GHG reduction benefits from whole refrigerator recycling in Chinese formal system in 2013 is 94.86 × 104 t CO2-eq.The results indicate that driving effect of Chinese WEEE Fund Policy has been becoming visible.