黏油空化流动研究现状与展望

State-of-the-art and prospects in study on viscous oil cavitating flows

黏油会使离心泵空化性能恶化,如何改进其空化性能是必须面对的问题,因此掌握黏油空化流动特性显得十分必要.总结了现有的黏油空化流动的研究成果,对液体表面张力、黏度和非凝结气体(空气)含量的影响进行了评论,对空化机理模型、空化计算模型和空化发生的判据进行了讨论,并就未来的研究内容进行了展望.结论表明,在翼型绕流或离心泵黏油空化流动试验方面还有许多工作可做,黏油空化流动计算模型尚有改进的余地.最大应力空化准则在黏油空化流动中的适用性亦有待考察.

Viscous oils can degrade the cavitation performance of a centrifugal pump,how to improve the impaired performance is a problem which we must deal with,naturally it is quite necessary to have a full understanding of characteristics of viscous oil cavitating flows.Outcomes in the study on viscous oil cavitating flows are reviewedBriefly;effects of liquid surface tension,viscosity and non-condensable gas（air） content on the characteristics are explained.The cavitation nucleation mechanism,cavitation CFD modeling and cavitation criteria are argued,a few prospects in the study on viscous oil cavitating flows are proposed as well.In conclusion,there are many experiments on viscous oil cavitating flows over a hydrofoil or through a cascade or inside a centrifugal pump that need to be done;updates in the cavitation CFD models are on demand too.Additionally the applicability of the maximum tension cavitation criterion into viscous oil cavitating flows needs to be clarified.