核事故场外应急计划区分类设置研究

Investigation on Classification of Off- site Emergency Planning Zones

目的探讨核事故场外应急计划区的分类和设置。方法根据国际原子能机构相关标准和技术报告中的建议以及国内相关标准和预案,对我国核事故场外应急计划区的设置进行分析。结果国际原子能机构的最新技术手册增加和细化了对核事故场外应急计划区设置的要求,这些调整是基于新的防护行动剂量通用准则、更加完善的模拟计算结果以及以往核事故应急中的实际经验,国内相关标准还需要进一步完善。结论建议根据国际原子能机构的相关标准和报告并结合我国的具体情况,对国内标准进行修订。

Objective To discuss the purposes and methods of dividing off- site emergency planning zones. Methods According to the safety standards and the technical reports issued by the International Atomic Energy Agency（ IAEA） and the correlative national standards and preplans in China,the dividing of off- site emergency planning zones is analyzed. Results The newly published IAEA technical report supplemented and elaborated the requirements of establishing off- site emergency planning zones. The improvements are based on the new generic dose criteria for protective actions,more sophisticated calculations,and lessons from responses in past emergencies. But the national standards in China need to be improved. Conclusion It is suggested that the national standards be revised according to the IAEA safety standards and technical reports and the specific conditions in China.