论土地承包经营权的继承——基于李维祥诉李格梅继承权纠纷案的分析

On Inheritance of the Right to Land Contractual Management: Based on Analysis of Li Weixiang vs.Li Gemei Inheritance Disputes

土地承包经营权法制化、物权化过程中,它的继承问题引起了广泛讨论。"李维祥诉李格梅继承权纠纷案"作为解构该问题的典型案例,与同类案例的判决结果均表明,法官裁定土地承包经营权不能继承,并且法官见解在全国趋于统一。虽然这样最大的好处是,为类似的土地承包经营权纠纷的处理提供一个稳定的标准。但是,在农民长久不变的预期里,承包地的继承与其他不动产继承的差异性越来越小,而且他们无论在事实上还是在心理上均不具备区分这种差异性的知识能力。因此,在一个赋予农民更多财产权利的社会环境中裁判理由的正当充分与被广泛认可程度均会受到影响,并最终影响该案例的指导性与约束力。仅有承包收益的继承权,不足以稳定土地承包关系。土地承包经营权的灭失也不应过于简单化为家庭户的灭失,应该兼顾习惯法对司法判决的潜在影响,适时修改现行法律,调整制定法在继承利益上的适用,拓展土地承包经营权能范围,衡平司法判决的应然与权能变迁的实然之间的矛盾。

In the process of real poperty right and its legalication,the inheritance issue of land contract management right has given rise to hot discussions.Li Weixiang vs.Li Gemei inheritance dispute shows that judges' adjudication is that land contract managenert right can not be inherited.Above all,the adjudication as a typical case is shared among judges all over the country.Though the biggest advantage of such a judgment is to provide a consistent standard for judging the similar cases. But in the farmers' long term expectation,the difference between the inheritances of contracted land and other real estates is getting smaller and smaller,and they lack the cognitive abilities to comprehend such a difference practically or psychologically. Therefore,the justification and wide acceptance of the ruling will be affected in the social environment where farmers are endowed with more property rights,which in the final impacts the guiding influence and binding effect of the case cited.Only the inheritance of contracted land income cannot stabilize the relation land contract management.The loss of land contracted management right should not be simplified as the loss of family households.The latent impact of unwritten law should be taken into the judicial decisions consideration,and the current laws should be amended in time.Land contracted management right should be expanded in order to balance between the imperative nature of judicial decisions and the reality of legal right changes.