论江户时代女性汉诗对中国文学的因革——以江马细香、梁川红兰为例

On the Evolution of Women's Chinese Poems of the Edo Period from Chinese Literature: a Discussion on Ema Saikou and Yanagawa Kouran

江户时代是日本汉文学的全盛期,涌现出以江马细香、梁川红兰为代表的众多女性汉诗人。她们的作品在典故借用、诗句化用等方面对中国文学多有因袭,同时又具备较为鲜明的本土化特征,诗中意象构筑、女德体认以及乡邦风物描写都富有异趣,呈现出与同一时期明清女性文学不同的风貌。中日文化背景的差异,造成两国女性诗人立身之道有别,进而影响于各自创作。考察江户时代女性汉诗,对全面展现中国文学在日本的传播与接受具有重要意义。

The Edo Period was the heyday for the development of Chinese literature in Japan. During that period there emerged many women poets specializing in Chinese poems, of whom Ema Saikou and Yanagawa Kouran were representatives. They followed the tradition of Chinese literature in application of allusions and transformation of famous verses, whereas their poems display distinct characteristics of local culture. The images in their poetry, the recognition of women virtues, and the description of the sceneries and customs in their home country are all rich in peculiar taste, quite different from women＇s poetry in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It was cultural difference that shaped the values of the women poets, and in turn, deeply influenced their creation. It is of great significance to study women＇s Chinese poems in the Edo Period to reveal how Chinese literature spread and gained acceptance in Japan through.