论美资博彩企业对澳门政治生态的影响及法治应对之策

On the Influence of American Gambling Sectors upon Macao's Political Landscape and the Corresponding Legal Solutions

博彩业是澳门经济的支柱产业。2002年澳门开放赌权后,美资财团大举进入澳门并逐渐发展壮大,占据澳门博彩市场的半壁江山。在攫取经济利益的同时,美资博彩企业开始谋求政治上的影响力,关注甚至干预澳门内部事务,给澳门的繁荣稳定带来隐患。中央政府高度重视这一问题,提出要坚决防范和反对外部势力干预澳门。从法治视角分析,遏制美资博彩企业通过商业途径进行政治渗透的应对之策是:综合运用国家规划和产业政策手段实现澳门经济多元化,从根本上减少澳门对博彩业的依赖;同时在博彩业中有序引入多种资本,以平衡、制约美资的发展;完善博彩业竞争和反垄断法律制度,促进澳门博彩市场健康持续发展。

Gambling is a pillar industry for Macao. Since the liberalization of the gambling industry in Macao in 2002, American consortiums have been entering Macao on a large scale and growing increasingly strong, accounting for half of Macao＇s gambling market. In addition to economic benefits, American gambling sectors begin to seek political influence, pay attention to and even interfere with Macao＇s internal affairs, which poses a threat to Macao＇s prosperity and stability. Chinese central government attaches great importance to this issue and proposes to prevent and oppose outside interference in Macao＇s affairs. From legal perspective, the countermeasures to contain American gambling sectors＇ attempt to seek political infiltration in a commercial way are as follows： combine national planning with industry policies to diversify Macao＇s economy, and radically reduce Macao＇s dependence upon gambling; systematically introduce various types of capital to balance and check the development of American capital; improve competition in gambling business and anti-trust laws to promote a healthy and sustainable development of Macao＇s gambling industry.