吉林省中老年人心血管疾病危险因素及其聚集分析

Risk factors for cardiovascular disease and their clustering among middle aged and old people ;in Jilin province

目的：分析吉林省中老年人心血管疾病危险因素及其聚集。方法2012年采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法，抽取吉林省9个市（州）共32个县（市、区）35～79岁常住居民进行面对面问卷调查及体格检查，利用复杂加权方法进行数据分析。结果吉林省中老年人高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、吸烟、超重/肥胖5种主要心血管疾病危险因素暴露率分别是41.3%、11.5%、42.8%、31.5%、53.5%；仅16.2%的中老年人不具有上述5种危险因素，83.8%和29.9%的中老年人分别具有≥1和≥3种心血管疾病危险因素聚集。男性具有≥1、≥2和≥3种心血管疾病危险因素聚集分别是女性的3.18、4.28和5.58倍；农村人群具有≥1、≥2种心血管疾病危险因素聚集分别是城镇人群的1.22和1.20倍；具有≥1、≥2和≥3种心血管疾病危险因素聚集的风险随年龄的增加而增大。结论吉林省中老年人群心血管危险因素及其聚集暴露率较高，应重点关注和干预农村男性高龄群体。

Objective To understand the risk factors for cardiovascular disease（CVD）and their clustering among middle aged and old people in Jilin province and provide evidence for the development of effective intervention measures. Methods A total of 13 914 people aged 35-79 years were selected from 32 counties （district） in 9 prefectures （municipality） of Jilin province through multi-stage stratified cluster sampling to conduct a face to face questionnaire survey and health examination. Complex weighted computation was conducted to analyze the survey results. Results The prevalence of hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia,smoking and overweight were 41.3%,11.5%, 42.8%,31.5%and 53.5%,respectively. Only 16.2%of the subjects surveyed were free of the 5 risk factors.≥1 risk factor and≥3 risk factors were found to clustering in 83.8%and 29.9%of the middle aged and old people. Compared with females,the odds ratios of ≥1,≥2 and ≥3 risk factors clustering in males were 3.18,4.28 and 5.58 times higher,respectively. Compared with urban residents,the odds ratios of≥1,≥2 risk factors clustering in rural residents were 1.22 and 1.20 times higher. In addition,the odds ratios of≥1,≥2 and≥3 risk factors clustering increased with age（all P〈0.001）. Conclusion High prevalence of major cardiovascular disease risk factors and their clustering were found in middle aged and old people in Jilin province. More attention and intervention should be given to the old males in rural areas.