辽宁省城市基本公共服务质量差异的时空分析

TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENCES OF THE QUALITY OF BASIC PUBLIC SERVICE OF CITIES IN LIAONING PROVINCE

基于基本公共服务的内涵,从教育服务、文化服务、卫生服务、基础设施服务、社会保障服务、生态环境服务和信息服务7个方面构建了基本公共服务质量评价指标体系,运用熵值法对2003—2011年辽宁省城市基本公共服务质量进行综合测度,并以此为变量,利用差异系数和基尼系数对辽宁省各市基本公共服务质量差异的演变过程与空间格局进行定量分析。结果发现:辽宁省各市基本公共服务质量整体为上升的趋势,表现出较为明显的规模特征,沈阳市和大连市两极突出;2003—2011辽宁省城市基本公共服务质量区域差异总体扩大的基础上,呈现先扩大后缩小的演变趋势,且以文化服务、卫生服务和基础设施服务的差异为主;空间上,公共服务质量空间提升极化作用不断增强,表现为不断向"沈阳—大连、盘锦—本溪"的"十字"轴线紧靠。

Recently, there is a rapid development of the economy and society in China. As a result, the gap between the rich and the poor is widening, the spatial differentiation of basic public services becomes obvious and the social stratification differs seriously. The contradictions between the supply and demand of housing,health care, education, pensions and other public services is becoming more and more prominent, which also turns into an important issue in the construction of a harmonious socialist society and the development of social stability. Based on the connotation of basic public service, this paper established the quality evaluation index system of basic public service in seven points including education services, cultural services, health services, information services, environmental services, infrastructure services and social security services.By using entropy value method, this article made a comprehensive measure about the basic public service quality of the cities of Liaoning province in 2003—2011, taking it as variables in order to make a quantitative analysis of basic public service quality differences and the spatial pattern of the evolution process in Liaoning province according to the difference coefficient and the Gini coefficient. As a result, firstly, in general,the quality of 14 prefecture- level cities is rising as a whole from 2003 to 2011, with an obvious scale features, especially in Shenyang city and Dalian city. Secondly, on the basis of overall expansion, the regional differences in the quality of basic public services in Liaoning province enlarged at first and then narrowed,focusing on the differences of cultural services, health services and infrastructure services. Thirdly, from the point of space differentiation, the spatial polarization of basic public service is increasing, presenting the pattern of closing to the axis of the ＂cross＂ of ＂Shenyang-Dalian＂ and ＂Panjin-Benxi＂.