结肠造口患者出院前心理社会行为反应与需要及焦虑抑郁的相关性研究

The relationship between psychosocial behavior reaction, psychosocial needs, anxiety and depression among colostomy patients prior to discharge

目的 探讨结肠造口患者出院前的心理社会行为反应、心理社会需要及焦虑抑郁的情况,探讨三者的关系.方法 使用便利抽样法,采用一般情况调查表、肠造口患者心理社会行为反应量表、肠造口患者心理社会需要量表、综合医院焦虑抑郁量表对广州市某2家三甲医院67例行永久性结肠造口手术患者于出院前1～2d进行调查.结果 结肠造口患者出院前的心理社会行为反应总均分为（2.15±0.27）分,处于中等水平;心理社会需要总均分为（2.09±0.41）分,处于中等偏高水平;37.3％的患者有焦虑情绪,20.9％的患者有抑郁情绪.心理社会需要及焦虑、抑郁均与心理社会行为反应呈正相关（r=0.565,-0.472,-0.319,P＜0.01）,心理社会需要及焦虑对心理社会行为反应有正向预测作用（β=0.486,-0.375,P＜0.01）.结论 结肠造口患者出院前的心理社会行为反应以良性的认知和重建反应为主,心理社会需要越多、焦虑抑郁越严重的患者的心理社会行为反应越多。

Objective To study the psychosocial behavior reaction,psychosocial needs,anxiety and depression among colostomy patients prior to discharge and to explore the relationship between them.Methods Totally 67 colostomy patients from 2 hospitals in Guangzhou were recruited and investigated by demographic questionnaire,Ostomy Psychosocial Behavior Reaction Questionnaire,Ostomy Psychosocial Needs Questionnaire,Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale 1-2 days prior to discharge.Results The psychosocial behavior reaction among coIostomy patients was in the moderate level with the mean score 2.15±0.27.The psychosocial needs were in medium to high level with the mean score 2.09±0.41.About 37.3% of colostomy patients showed anxiety,while 20.9% patients showed depression.Significant positive correlation was shown between psychosocial behavior reaction and psychosocial needs（r=0.565,P〈0.01）,while significant positive correlation was also shown between psychosocial behavior reaction and anxiety-depression（r=-0.472,-0.319,P〈0.01）.Psychosocial needs and anxiety could predict psychosocial behavior reaction positively（β=0.486,-0.375,P〈0.01）.Conclusion The positive acknowledgement and reconstruction are the main psychosocial behavior reactions prior to discharge in colostomy patients.Patients with more psychosocial needs,severe anxiety show more psychosocial behavior reaction.