社会支持在童年虐待与心理健康间的中介作用

Mediating effects of social supports between childhood abuse and mental health in graduate students

目的 探讨研究生的童年虐待经历与心理健康的关系及其社会支持的中介作用.方法 采用整群随机抽样的方法,应用儿童期虐待问卷（CTQ-SF）、主观知觉社会支持量表（PSSS）、自尊量表（SES）和抑郁量表（CESD）对907名研究生进行调查.结果 研究生的童年虐待、社会支持、自尊和抑郁得分分别为（33.88±9.35）分、（68.31±12.01）分、（36.62±4.80）分、（35.85±9.20）分,童年虐待与自尊呈显著负相关（r=-0.32,P＜0.01）,与抑郁呈显著正相关（r=0.28,P＜0.01）,与社会支持呈显著负相关（r=-0.44,P＜0.01）,社会支持与自尊呈显著正相关（r=0.39,P＜0.01）,与抑郁呈显著负相关（r=-0.41,P＜0.01）;中介效应检验结果表明：①社会支持是童年虐待和自尊之间的中介变量,中介效应占比为42％;②社会支持是童年虐待和抑郁之间的中介变量,中介效应占比为54％.结论 童年虐待不仅直接影响研究生的自尊和抑郁,同时还通过社会支持间接影响研究生的自尊和抑郁。

Objective To explore whether childhood abuse experiences predict higher levels of depression and lower levels of self-esteem for graduate students and examine the mediating role of social support between childhood abuse and mental health.Methods A sample of 907 graduate students were investigated with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire （CTQ-SF）,Perceived Social Support Scale （PSSS）,Self-esteem Scale （SES） and Center for Epidemiological Survey Scale （CESD）.Results The scores of childhood abuse,social support,self-esteem,and depression of graduate students were （33.88±9.35）,（68.31±12.01）,（36.62±4.80） and （35.85± 9.20）.Childhood abuse was negatively correlated with self-esteem （r=-0.32,P〈0.01）,but positively correlated with depression （r=0.28,P〈0.01）,and negatively correlated with social support （r=-0.44,P〈0.01）.Social support was positively correlated with self-esteem （r=0.39,P〈0.01）,and negatively correlated with depression （r=-0.41,P 〈0.01）.Examining the mediation model indicated that social support had a partial mediation effects（42%） on the relationship between childhood abuse and self-esteem,and social support had a partial mediation effects（54%） on the relationship between childhood abuse and depression.Conclusions The childhood abuse not only affects the graduate student＇s self-esteem and depression directly,but also can take the same effect by social support indirectly.