甲状腺相关眼病发病机制研究进展

Research progresses in the pathogenesis of thyroid associated ophthalmopathy

甲状腺相关眼病的临床治疗是一项世界性难题,究其根本是因为其发病机制尚不明确。目前认为,其是自身免疫紊乱引起的器官特异性自身免疫性疾病。人体在抗原刺激,环境,遗传等因素共同影响下,激活自身免疫性T和B淋巴细胞,继而引起一系列的眼眶炎症反应导致眼肌纤维化,局部脂肪细胞增生,眼球突出等甲状腺眼病的临床表现。

The treatment of thyroid associated ophthalmopathy （TAO） is still a worldwide problem due to its unclear mechanism till today. It is now considered as an organ-specific autoimmune disorder caused by immune imbalance. It may occur under the influence of antigen stimulation, environmental and genetic factors, followed by the activation of autoimmune T and B lymphocytes, then leading to a series of orbital inflammatory responses to extraocular muscles, clinically manifested as the extraocular muscle fibrosis, adipose cell proliferation, exophthalmos and so on. In this paper, the new progresses in the study of the pathogenesis of TAO are reviewed.