美澳两国自主招生公平性改革的经验与借鉴

Experience of American and Australian Fair Reform of Autonomous Enrollment and Its Use for Reference

公平性改革既是自主招生改革的起点又是其追求的目标,也是开展自主招生工作必须保证的首要前提;同时,也是世界各国招生制度改革的方向。美国的招生制度主要以多元化的人才评价理念促进公平,将公平理念贯彻于招生过程的始终。澳大利亚则通过引入科学算法消除地区、校际差异,重视考试评价中的能力评价以确保学生参与招生竞争的机会。通过借鉴美澳两国的革新人才评判理念、重视能力取向、建立新型监督机制等招生公平性方式,以改革我国自主招生实践,促进自主招生公平性的提升。

Fairness is both the starting point and aim of reform of autonomous enrollment. It is the required initial premise of autonomous enrollment work and direction of the reform of the enrollment systems all over the world. American enrollment system mainly adopts a theory of multiple talent evaluation to achieve fairness and the idea of fairness is enforced throughout the enrollment process, while Australia introduces a scientific evaluation to eliminate the differences among areas and schools, and attaches importance to the capability evaluation in testing evaluation to ensure students of the opportunities of enrollment competition. This paper puts forward that the autonomous enrollment system in China should refer to the fair ways of enrollment in aspects of talent evaluation, capability evaluation and supervision system in America and Australia to promote the fairness in domestic autonomous enrollment.