略论族群认同与族别认同

On Ethnicity Identity and Ethnic-difference Identity

族群性是世界上多民族国家都存在的现象。有些国家为了解决境内的族群问题,推出了特殊的政策,对境内的人口进行分类,从而出现了族别的问题。族群认同的产生是因为不同群体之间、群体与国家之间的互动,因此是社会关系的构成部分。族别认同则是国家所指派的,是国家治理术的组成部分。比之于族群认同,族别认同有着更强的规定性。无论族群认同或者族别认同都是现代国家的产物。

Ethnicity is a phenomenon existing in all multi-ethnic countries of the world. Some countries, in order to solve ethnic problems within their territories, have launched special policies to divide their population into different catego- ries, resulting in issues of ethnic differences. The creation of ethnieity identity originates from the interaction between dif- ferent groups, and between groups and the State, thus it is an integral part of social relations. On the other hand, ethnic- difference identity is assigned by the State as part of governance strategy. Compared with ethnicity identity, ethnic-differ- ence identity is of more prescriptive nature. Whether it is ethnicity identity or ethnic-difference identity, they have been the result of modern states.