新疆和静县牦牛春季感染消化道寄生虫情况的调查

Investigation of Parasites of Digestive Tract Infections of Yak in Spring, Hejing

为了解新疆和静牦牛春季感染消化道寄生虫状况,对采自和静天然牧场的449份牦牛粪样和46份舍饲牦牛粪样进行了病原学检查,两种环境下的虫卵总检出率分别为80.2%(360/449)和78.3%(36/46),经虫卵形态学鉴定,天然牧场和舍饲环境分别检出9种和7种消化道蠕虫和球虫,且均为混合感染。其优势虫种为球虫、毛圆线虫和细颈线虫,球虫卵检出率分别为72.6%(326/449)和67.4%(31/46);毛圆线虫卵检出率分别为57.0%(256/449)和52.2%(24/46);细颈线虫卵检出率分别为43.7%(196/449)和45.7%(21/46)。该三种虫卵平均感染强度在每一克粪便中(EPG)分别达3360和3580、1320和950、1040和850个。结果说明自然放牧牦牛春季消化道寄生虫感染率高于舍饲牦牛,故当地应加强计划性驱虫,建立适合本地区放牧方式的驱虫程序。

The intestinal parasites infection in the yak of Hejingoccurring in the spring was discussed in this study. Dung samplescollected from 449 free-ranging yaks and 46 captive yaks were analyzed and the results showed that the infection rates were 80.2% (360/449) and 78.3% (36/46), respectively. Morphological analysis of the parasites indicated a multiple infection by 9 different helminthes and 6 different coccidiums in infected yaks. The infection were mainly caused by coccidiums, trichostrongyle and nematodirus, with infection rates 72.6% (326/449) and 67.4% (31/46), 57.0% (256/449) and 52.2% (24/46), 43.7% (196/449) and 45.7% (21/46), respectively. The number of these three parasites in dung were 3360 and 3580 per gram, 1320 and 950 per gram, 1040 and 850 per gram, respectively. These results demonstrated that the intestinal parasite infection in free-ranging yaks was relatively higher than that of captive yaks, suggesting a necessity in improving the insecticide procedures for free-ranging yaks.