北京松山不同堆积处理枯枝落叶分解特征的研究

The Decomposition Characteristics of Litter under the Different Accumulation Methods in Beijing Songshan

[目的]研究森林植被之下地表枯枝落叶层对土壤发育过程、保持水土与涵养水源的作用。[方法]通过野外采样调查和实验室分析,研究了北京市松山自然保护区油松林下不同堆积方式下,油松枯枝落叶被分解的特征。[结果]在人工露天堆积、油松林下自然堆积、人工林下堆积条件下,随着深度的增加,枯枝落叶层中碳、氮含量逐渐减少,灰分含量逐渐增加;在人工露天堆积处理下,枯枝落叶表层有机碳含量最高,可达44.63%,而在人工林下堆积30~40 cm处有机碳含量最低,只有30.27%。在3种处理下,枯枝落叶层中碳氮比值都大于25,人工林下堆积最接近最佳碳氮比。[结论]3种处理方式下枯枝落叶分解程度从大到小依次是：人工林下堆积、自然林下堆积、人工露天堆积。

[Objective]The aim was to study the forest vegetation under the surface of the litter layer of soil development,maintenance of water and soil and water conservation. [Method]The decomposition characteristics of litter under the different accumulation methods in Beijing Songshan National Reserve were examined through field sampling investigation and laboratory analysis. [Result] The results showed that under the three accumulation processes,with the increase of depth,the contents of carbon and nitrogen in the litter layers reduced,ash contents increased. The highest content of carbon was in the surface of litter layer under the artificial outdoor accumulation,which can reach up to44. 63%,while in 30- 40 cm under the artificial accumulation in forests the carbon content was the lowest,with a percentage of only30. 27%. Under the three methods of treatment,the ratios of C / N were almost higher than 25,and the values of artificial accumulation in forests were the closest to the best C / N. [Conclusion]The degree of litter decomposition under the three kinds of processing mode was in the order of： artificial accumulation in forests natural accumulation in forests artificial accumulation in the open air.