长株潭地区人均生态足迹测算及其动态变化分析

Per Capita Ecological Footprint Calculation and Dynamic Change Analysis of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Area

选取1993、1998、2003、2008、2013年数据,以5年为单位,利用生态足迹模型计算了1993~2013年长株潭地区人均生态足迹,研究其动态变化。结果表明：2013年长株潭地区人均生态足迹为2.037 2 hm2,人均生态承载力为0.798 8 hm2,人均生态赤字为1.238 4 hm2;1993~2013年长株潭地区人均生态足迹年平均增长率为3.05%,人均生态赤字呈现出先较快后缓慢增长的态势;长株潭地区正处于一种不可持续发展状态。基于此,提出控制人口数量、改变资源利用模式、提高单位面积自然资源的生物产量,提升建设用地利用效率,加强政策宏观调控等可持续发展的对策。

By using the ecological footprint model,this paper calculated per capita ecological footprint of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan area from1993 to 2013. The result shows as follows： in 2013 in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan area,per capita ecological footprint is 2. 037 2 hm2,per capita ecological carrying capacity is 0. 798 8 hm2,and per capita ecological deficit is 1. 238 4 hm2; from 1993 to 2013,the average annual growth rate of per capita ecological footprint in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan area is 3. 05%,and per capita ecological deficit presents a tendency that it firstly increases sharply and then increases slowly. Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan area is in a state of unsustainable development. According to these,this paper puts forward some sustainable developmental countermeasures： controlling the quantity of population,changing the patterns of resource utilization,promoting the biological yield of natural resources per unit area,improving the use efficiency of construction land,and strengthening the policies of macroeconomic regulation and control.