论中国行政复议制度的司法化改革

Discussion on Judiciary-oriented Reform of Administrative Reconsideration in China

经过多年的实践,中国行政复议制度在监督政府依法行使职权和保障相对人合法权益方面取得了一定的进步,但是由于对行政复议功能的定位偏差,过于强调行政复议的行政性,造成了行政复议制度设计的缺陷,难以达到公正复议的目标,从而阻碍了行政复议功能的发挥。司法化已成为当代各国争议解决机制的发展方向。行政复议制度的司法化,是指行政复议在解决行政争议的过程中,引入司法活动中有利于促进公平公正的基本理念和制度,以保证行政复议机关依法公正地解决行政纠纷,进而充分实现行政复议制度的价值。目前,行政复议制度所面临的问题主要表现在行政复议的功能定位不明确、复议机构不独立、复议程序过于行政化以及行政复议与行政诉讼不衔接等方面。完善中国行政复议制度,保障复议机关独立、公正地解决行政争议从而发挥其功能,必须把行政复议制度的司法化改革作为突破口,而这也正是顺应建设社会主义法治国家的必然要求。

After many years of practice, in the supervision of the government authority in accordance with the law and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the relative people, administrative reconsideration system in. China has achieved a certain degree of progress. But because of too much emphasis on the administrative nature of administrative re~＇on^ideration and the positioning deviation of administrative reconsideration function, it caused the design defects of administrative reconsideration sys＇t＇em. It is difficult to achieve the goal of justice which hindered the play to the functions of administrative reconsideration. Judicialization has become the development direction of modern countries in dispute settlement mechanism. The judicialization of administrative reconsideration system is that administrative reconsideration introduce the basic concept and system which is conductive to promote a fair and just in solving administrative disputes. At present the main problem is that functional positioning of administrative reconsideration is not clear , administrative reconsideration institution is independent , the program is too much administrative etc. administrative reconsideration judicialization reform is breakthrough in perfecting the system of administrative reconsideration.