我国交通基础设施对区域旅游经济发展影响的空间计量研究

Spatial Econometric Analysis of Transport Infrastructure to the Development of Regional Tourism Economic

在综合考虑多维要素对我国区域旅游经济发展的协同作用的基础上,分别构建了铁路设施、高速公路设施、一级公路设施、二级公路设施、内河航道设施、民航航线对区域旅游经发展影响的空间计量模型,分别从全域和局域角度,对其进行了空间计量回归。结果表明:(1)我国区域旅游经济发展水平存在显著的空间依赖性;(2)全域范围内,铁路设施对我国区域旅游经济发展的作用不显著,二级公路、民航航线、一级公路、高速公路、内河航道设施均对我国区域旅游经济的发展产生影响,作用系数依次为0.7010、0.4992、0.4532、0.0695、0.0212;(3)局域范围内,对于铁路设施,仅西藏和青海的作用系数通过了显著性检验,其余五种交通基础设施对区域旅游经济发展的作用表现出了显著的空间变异性:西部地区旅游经济的发展对除内河航道以外的各种交通基础设施的反应均比较敏感;东北地区的一级公路对其旅游经济发展的促进作用最大;长三角地区的民航航线条数对其旅游经济发展的促进作用较强,一级公路和内河航道设施的促进作用为中等水平;除北京市的高速公路设施对其旅游经济发展的促进作用处于中等水平外,京津冀地区旅游经济的发展对各种交通基础设施的反应均较弱;对华中地区而言,除一级公路设施对区域旅游经济发展的促进作用较弱外,其余各种交通基础设施的促进作用基本处于中等水平。在此基础上,本文对不同区域提出了相应的发展建议。

Taking full account of the synergistic effects of multiple factors on regional economic growth in Chi- na, this paper constructs models of spatial econometric of railway, highway, first-class road, second-class road, in- land waterway, civil aviation route infrastructure to the development of regional tourism economy respectively, and spatial economic regressions were performed in the global region and the local region respectively. The results show： （ 1 ） Regional tourism economy exists the spatial interdependence significantly ; （2） In the global region, rail infra- structure has no significant effects on the development of regional tourism economy in our country, and the remai- ning five transport infrastructures all affect the development of regional tourism economy in China, according to the size of the effect coefficient, they were second-class road, civil aviation route, first-class road, highway, and in- land waterway infrastructure respectively, and corresponding coefficients are 0. 7010, 0. 4992, 0. 4532, 0. 0695, 0. 0212. （3） In the local region, for the rail infrastructure, only Tibet and Qinghai have passed the test of signifi- cance ; impacts of highway, first-class road, second-class road, inland waterway and civil aviation route infrastruc- ture to regional tourism economy show significant spatial variability： The development of tourism economy in the western area＇s reactions to all kinds of transport infrastructure except inland waterways were sensitive, and highway, first-class roads, second-class roads, inland waterway infrastructure, as well as the article number of civil aviation routes had good roles in promoting the development of tourism economy. For the northeast area, the promoting role of first-class roads for tourism economic development was the largest, but it was only in the medium level. For the Yangtze River Delta area, the civil aviation routes for its role in promoting the economic development of tourism was stronger, and promoting effects of highway and waterway facilities were all in the medium level. The promoting role of highway infrastructure in Beijing for the development of tourism economy was in the medium level, except that, the development of tourism economy in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region＇s reactions to all kinds of transport infra- structure were weak. For the central region of China, first-class roads＇ promoting effect for regional tourism economic was weak, except that, promoting effects of the rest transport infrastructures were all at the medium level. On the above basis, corresponding development suggestions for different areas are put forward ： （ 1 ） All prov- inces should integrate and optimize the direction and regional spatial distribution of railway transportation lines through the comprehensive balance and the comparison of multiple schemes, and improve the communication be- tween various tourism cities in the province, and realize ＂seamless transfer＂ and ＂zero distance transfer＂ in the journey, to improve the efficiency of passengers＇ rail travel. At this stage, each province should increase the density of low-grade highways, and give priority to the construction of ways to tourist attractions, and improve the traffic convenience between tourist attractions. （2） With the revival of the ＂new silk road＂, the construction of highways, civil aviation routes, railways, first-class roads, second-class roads, civil aviation routes and other transportation infrastructure in western provinces should be appropriately increased, in order to promote the better development of tourism economy. Sichuan province can be as the focus to improve the＂weak-weak＂ negative leading role of tourism economy which emerged in the west regions, to conquer the collapse phenomenon of tourism economy in the western region. Yangtze river delta economic zone should have the aid of national strategy, to increase the construction of first-class highway facilities, and further increase the connectivity between the provinces within the region, to pro- mote the development of tourism economy, at the same time, to make positive spillover effects of regional tourism e- conomic development play better. Also characteristic tourism can be developed, and the shipping service industry can be vigorously developed, to speed up the transformation and upgrading of transportation, and with the aid of the revival of the＂ Marine silk road＂, the role of the＂ golden waterway＂ in promoting regional tourism should be strength- ened; The central region of China can utilize various transport infrastructures comprehensively to develop regional tourism economy, and can increase the article number of aviation routes appropriately.