《则古昔斋算学》数学语言系统初探

A Tentative Study on the Mathematical Language System in Zeguxizhai Suanxue

李善兰的《则古昔斋算学》正文十三部,标志着中国传统数学语言系统向现代数学语言系统转换的重要阶段。该书出现了339个术语,其中192个术语沿用了中国传统算学术语,42个术语由外来术语翻译而成,105个术语由作者自创。书中没有出现拉丁字母,其数学符号由汉字、图形和自创的象形符号组成。书中系统使用了假设、条件、承接、因果、并列、转折、等价7种关系的连接词,并给出了现代数学问题求解的中文语言模式。

In Li Shanlan＇s Zeguxizhai Suanxue（Mathematics from the Zeguxizhai-Studio）, thirteen books are referred to. This list of books represents an important stage of how the traditional Chinese mathematical language system is converted to the modern Western language system. In this collection, there exist 339 mathematical terms. Among these, 192 terms derived from the Chinese traditional mathematical terminology, 42 terms from al-ready translated terminology, and 105 terms are created terminology by the author. Besides, notations are formed from words, graphics and created pictographs, rather than Latin letters. There exist seven kinds of expressions showing the following grammatical relationship： hypothetical relation（if）,conditional（thus）, time sequence（then）, causal relation（so）, conjunction（and）, adversative（however）, and equivalence（similar）. These represent the Chinese mode of recognizing modern mathematical problems.