基于奥米亚棕蝇的测向天线阵列研究

Research on Antenna Array for Direction Finding Based on Ormia Ochracea

目前的测向技术主要是采用天线阵列来接收信号,通过对接收到的信号进行后处理从而对目标实现测向。为了保证测向精度,天线阵元间需保持较大的间距,使得测向系统尺寸较大、集成度较低。奥米亚棕蝇(Ormia ochracea)听觉系统尺寸微小,能通过其双耳的耦合构造对微小的差异进行有效的放大进而实现寄主声源定位。将奥米亚棕蝇听觉系统的耦合结构引入到常规的测向天线阵,以便在天线间距很小时,放大天线接收信号的相位差,实现高精度的测向。设计适合的耦合网络,设置合理的参数,对不同频率、不同角度的入射波进行仿真,仿真结果表明,这种基于外部耦合网络的天线阵列在天线间距较小时能实现接收信号相位差的放大,验证了耦合网络的有效性。与传统的测向阵列相比,该测向结构具有微型化和集成化的特点。

Current directional finding technology focuses mainly on post-processing the received signals by the antenna array. In general, to make every antenna independent and produce no mutual coupling and to achieve high direction finding accuracy, large space between antennas has to be kept,whlch leads to direction finding system larger and with lower integration.The auditory system of Ormia ochracea is very tiny, and its two ears with coupling structure can amplify effectively the tiny difference to locate their hosts. In this paper,the coupling auditory system structure of Ormia Ochracea is introduced into the conventional direction finding antenna array,in order to amplify the received phase difference to complete direction finding accurately with small antenna spacing.The suitable coupling network is designed and appropriate parameters are set, and then the simulation is implemented with different frequencies and different angles of incident waves.The simulation results show that the direction finding antenna array based on external coupling network can amplify the phase difference of the received signals with small antenna spacing, which proves the coupling network effective. Compared with the traditional direction finding array, the proposed direction finding antenna array has the characteristics of miniaturization and integration.