三种类型上颌中央门齿在新疆不同地区维吾尔族人群中的发生率

Incidence of three types of maxillary center incisors in Uygur living in Xinjiang different regions

人类牙齿的形态特征具有显著的群体间差异,这种差异的形成与各人群的起源和演化过程有着十分密切的联系.调查三种类型上颌中央门齿在新疆不同地区维吾尔族人群中的发生率,揭示现代维吾尔族的族源、人种构成及演化过程.用口腔镜观察上颌中央门齿舌侧面形状,调查了新疆维吾尔自治区内七个地区,8 957例维吾尔族成年人.结果表明上颌中央门齿铲形、勺形、平形发生率分别为50.46%,20.39%和29.15%.同一种类型上颌中央门齿发生率在同一地区男性和女性间无显著差异(P>0.05),在不同地区维吾尔族人群中三类门齿发生率不同,彼此间具有较大差异,并呈东西向梯度性增加(勺形门齿、平行门齿)或下降(铲形门齿).新疆不同地区维吾尔族三种类型上颌中央门齿发生率反映了现代维吾尔族的人种构成是多源的,但以蒙古人种成分为主,同时掺入一定比例的欧罗巴人种成分,欧罗巴人种成分对维吾尔族的掺入是由西部向东部逐渐深入.

Human dental morphological characteristics have significant difference among groups.The formation of this difference have very close ties with origin and evolution process of different groups of people.The incidence of three types of maxillary center incisors in Uygur living in Xinjiang different regions is investigated to reveal ethnic origin,ethnic composition and evolutionary process of modern Uygur.Let respondents look upward,open his mouth,observed the tongue side shape of maxillary center incisors with stomatoscope in his mouth. Within seven regions of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region,survey 8 957 cases of Uygur adults.The incidence of maxillary center shovel-shaped incisor is50.46%,maxillary center spoon-shaped incisor is 20.39%, maxillary center flat-shaped incisor is29.15%.There is no significant difference（P〉0.05）of the incidence of same type maxillary center incisors between males and females in the same area,and they have large difference to each other in the Uygur population living in different areas,and present a East-West gradient to increase or decrease.The incidences of three types of maxillary center incisors in Uygur are caused by ethnic composition and evolution of modern Uygur.Ethnic constitution of the modern Uygur is a multi-source.But it is formed mainly by the gradual fusion of Uigur（Mongolia race）from Mongolia grassland and natives（Europa race）from Tarim Basin.Europa ethnic ancestry mixed with Uygur gradually from west to east.