低落粒老芒麦种质筛选及农艺性状综合评价

Screening of Germplasm with Low Seed Shattering Rate and Evaluation on Agronomic Traits in Elymus sibiricus L.

以28份野生老芒麦种质为试验材料,于2013-2014年对落粒率等15个农艺性状进行田间观测,采用SPSS 19.0数据分析软件对观测指标进行聚类、主成分和相关性分析,并利用隶属函数法对其农艺性状进行综合评价,以期筛选出落粒率低和综合性状表现优异的材料。结果表明:供试老芒麦在盛花期后31d,各材料的落粒率显著增加,达到最大。其中Zh N03和MQ01的落粒率变化最为明显,落粒率在Zh N02、HZ03和LQ05的各单株间存在明显变异。两年落粒观测数据表明XH09的落粒率最高,其次为XH03、LQ03和LQ04。落粒率最低的材料为Zh N03,MQ01次之。相关分析表明落粒率与旗叶宽和茎节数呈显著负相关,与倒二叶宽呈极显著负相关。其余各观测性状也存在较大变异,分蘖数在所有评价指标中变异性最大,变异系数为17.07%。隶属函数分析表明,Zh N03的综合性状隶属函数值为0.73,最接近于1,在28份种质中综合农艺性状最优。本研究筛选的低落粒老芒麦种质和综合性状优异材料为老芒麦育种提供了宝贵的遗传资源。

In this study,28 E. sibiricus accessions were selected and evaluated by 15 agronomic traits in 2013-2014,with the goal of screening the materials with low seed shattering rate and excellent agronomic performance.The cluster analysis,correlative analysis,and component analysis were conducted by SPSS 19. 0,and the subordinate function was also used for the comprehensive evaluation of agronomic traits. The results indicated the higher seed shattering rate were found at about 31 days after flowering. Seed shattering variation varied among tested accessions.Great variation exsited in Zh N03 and MQ01. Meanwhile,seed shattering variation greatly varied among individual plants of Zh N01,HZ03 and LQ05. Based on two years＇ data,XH09 had the highest seed shattering rate,followed by XH03,LQ03 and LQ04; Zh N03 and MQ01 had relatively low seed shattering rate. The correlative analysis revealed significantly negative correlation was found between seed shattering rate and flag leaf width,as well as internode number; Length of the second leaf from the inflorescence is highly significant negative correlative with seed shattering rate. Phenotypic variation were also found in other traits,of which tiller number has the greatest variation with the CV of 17. 07%. The subordinative function showed Zh N03 had the best comprehensive performance with subordinate function value of 0. 73. These screened materials with low seed shattering rate and excellent agronomic performance are important materials for future breeding programs.