近代华北乡村社会治理比较研究——以获鹿县、宝坻县为例

A Comparative Study of the Social Governance in the Modern North China Rural Society——Huolu County,Baodi County as an Example

相同的年代、相近的地域、统一的国家权力和官僚体制下,清代顺天府宝坻县与直隶省获鹿县两地的乡村社会治理形式浑然有别。这既反映在两地乡村组织结构的差别与乡村职役人员的构成任职上,也表现在两地乡村社会不同的治理模式与理念上,宝坻县所反映出来的是乡保制下的官绅博弈,而获鹿县所呈现出来的是乡地制下的庶民政治,体现出两地不同的国家与地方社会的关系以及近代乡村社会治理的多元性与复杂性。

In the same period,similar geographic area,under the unified state power and bureaucratic system of the Qing dynasty,Baodi County in Shuntian District and Huolu County in Zhili Province had completely different rural social governance forms.This reflects the differences in rural dual structure and the construction of the rural duty service personnel office,and also manifests the two different modes of governance and the idea of rural society.As reflected in Baodi County was the Gentry-Officer game under the Xiang-Bao system,while presented in Huolu County was the civilian-political by the Xiang-Di system,which reflects the two different relations between the state and the local community and the diversity and complexity of modern rural social governance.