14325株常见病原菌的分布与耐药性分析

Distribution and Analysis of Drug Sensitivity of 14 325 Strains of Common Pathogenic Bacteria

目的:分析医院临床常见病原菌的分布及耐药性,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:收集2012年1月—2014年12月临床送检的各类标本,分析主要病原体的分布及其药敏试验结果。结果:送检的61 747份标本中,痰液标本为19 780份占32.03%),分泌物标本为13 589份(22.01%),尿液标本为11 419份(18.49%),血液标本为10086份(16.33%),胆液标本为1 615份(2.62%)和其他标本为5 258份(8.52%);检出病原菌14 325株,检出率为23.20%;其中革兰阴性菌感染患者10 169例占70.99%,革兰阳性菌感染患者3 319例占23.17%,念珠菌感染患者832例占5.74%;居前5位的病原菌依次为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌及金黄色葡萄球菌,分别占15.73%、15.58%、12.84%、11.79%及7.12%;肺炎克雷伯菌耐药率相对较低,鲍曼不动杆菌耐药率相对最高。结论:医院感染病原菌以大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌为主,检出的病原菌对多种抗菌药物耐药率较高。

Objective： To analyze the distribution and analysis of drug sensitivity of 14 325 strains of common pathogenic bacteria and to provide a reference lbr clinical rational drug use. Methods： During January 2012 to Decem- ber 2014 all kinds of specimens were collected and the test results of lhe main pathogens distribution and drug susceptibility were analysed. Results： Inspection of 61 747 specimens was conducted. Sputum specimens were 19 780（accounted for 32.03%）, secretions samples were 13 589（22.01%）, urine specimens were 11419 （18.49%）, blood samples were 10 086 （16.33%）, bile specimens were 1615 （2.62%） and other specimens were 5 258 （8.52%）. 14 325 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected and the detection rate was 23.20%. Among them, 10 169 patients with gram-negative bacte- ria infection were 70.99% and 3 319 cases of gram-positive bacteria infection patients were 23.17%, 832 patients with Camlida infection was 5.74%. The top five pathogens in turn for E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetohacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus attretts were 15.73%, 15.58%, 12.84%, 15.58% and 12.84%. respectively. Klehxiella pneumoniae resistant rate were lower and Acinetohacter baumannii resistant rate was relatively higher. Conclusion： Nosocomial infection pathogens to E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acineto- hacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aftreus was given priority to. dctection of pathogens. The pathogens detected on a variety of antibacterial drug resistant rate were higher.