头皮针联合采血针真空采血法在新生儿股静脉采血中的应用效果

Application effects of scalp acupuncture combined with blood collection needle vacuum blood collection method in neonatal blood collection via femoral vein

目的探讨头皮针联合采血针真空采血法在新生儿股静脉采血中的应用效果。方法选取2012年10月-2013年10月本院收治的187例新生儿,将其随机分为对照组一（n=62）、对照组二（n=62）和实验组（n=63）。对照组一采用头皮针衔接注射器采血,对照组二采用真空采血针采血,实验组采用头皮针联合采血针真空法采血,3组采血均由固定的人员进行操作,比较3组的采血效果。结果实验组的一次性穿刺成功率为96.8%,高于对照组一的87.1%和对照组二的82.2%,组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;实验组的标本合格率为96.8%,显著高于对照组一的80.6%,组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;实验组的血肿发生率为0%,显著低于对照组二的8.06%,组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论应用头皮针联合采血针真空采血法行新生儿股静脉采血,效果安全、成功率高,可减轻患儿痛苦,特别是早产儿、低体重儿、严重脱水新生儿,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To compare the application effects of scalp acupuncture combined with blood collection needle vacuum blood collection method in neonatal blood collection via femoral vein. Methods 187 neonatal patients treated in our hospital from October 2012 to October 2013 were selected,and they were randomly divided into control group 1（n=62）, control group 2（n=62） and experiment group（n=63）.The control group 1 was given scalp acupuncture combined with syringe blood collection,the control group 2 was given blood collection via vacuum blood needle,the experiment group was given scalp acupuncture combined with vacuum blood collection by blood needle. All blood collections of 3groups were operated by fixed personnel.Effects of blood collection was compared between 3 groups. Results One-time successful rate of blood collection via femoral vein in the experiment group（96.8%） was higher than that of control group 1（87.1%） and control group 2（83.9%）.The difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.Percentage of passed specimen in the experiment group（96.8%） was significantly higher than that of control group 1（80.6%）,and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.Incidence of hematoma in the experiment group（0%） was significantly lower than that of control group 2（8.06%）, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Scalp acupuncture combined with blood collection needle vacuum blood collection methodapplied in blood collection via femoral vein for infants is safe and easy to be successful,and helps alleviate infants′ pain,especially for premature infants,infants of low-birth weight and severely dehydrated infants,which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.