产褥期妇女心理健康状况及其影响因素调查

Survey of mental health status of puerperal women and its influencing factors

[目的]了解产褥期妇女心理健康状况并探讨其影响因素。[方法]应用便利抽样方法调查1152例产后5周~9周门诊复查产妇的临床资料，应用产妇一般情况调查表、社会支持评定量表（SSRS）、症状自评量表（SCL 90）对产妇进行调查。[结果]无症状者501例（43.49%），轻度症状534例（46.35%），中度症状99例（8.59%），重度症状18例（1.56%）；症状组社会支持总分、客观支持分、主观支持分及对社会支持的利用度均低于无症状组，其中中重度组与无症状组社会支持比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；与丈夫及家人关系、工作压力及婴儿因素等是影响产妇心理健康的危险因素。[结论]产褥期妇女心理健康状况与社会支持、工作压力及家庭关系等多种因素有关，加强产妇心理保健，尽量消除不良因素，可降低产后心理障碍的发生率。

Objective：To know about the mental health status of puerperal women and probe into its influencing factors.Methods：The clinical data of 1 152 cases of postpartum who received the outpatient review in the 5th to 9th weeks after birth were investigated by convenient sampling method,and they were surveyed by applying general situation questionnaire,Social Support Rating Scale （SSRs）and Symptom Self Rating Scale （SCL 90）. Results：There were 501 cases of asymptomatic persons （43.49%）,534 cases with mild symptoms （46.35%）,99 cases with moderate symptoms （8.59%）,18 cases with severe symptoms （1.56%）;the total score of social support,the score of obj ective support,the score of subj ective support and utilization degree of social support in symptoms group were lower than that in asymptomatic group;there was statistically significant difference in the social support between moderate severe group and asymptomatic group（P〈0.05）;the relation with her hus-band and family,job stress and infant factors were risk factors of influencing the psychological health of puer-pera.Conclusion：The mental health status of puerperal women is related to social support,work stress and fami-ly relations.To strengthen the psychological health of puerpera and try to eliminate the adverse factors can re-duce the incidence of postpartum mental disorders.