基于要素禀赋理论的我国现代农业发展分析

On Modern Agricultural Development in China Based on Factor Endowment Theory

加入WTO以来,我国自然资源状况急剧恶化,农业从业人员迅速减少、素质提高不显著,资本投入持续不足,以传统(基础)要素禀赋为基础的农产品比较优势不断减弱,而现代(高级)要素尚未发育完全,在国际市场中我国农产品普遍缺乏竞争优势,贸易逆差持续扩大。因此,我国要重视要素禀赋结构的调整,大力培育技术、制度等现代生产要素,依靠技术创新促进比较优势的演进;利用制度创新,释放要素活力,实现比较优势向竞争优势的转化,促进我国现代农业发展,保障国家粮食安全。

Since joining WTO, China has experienced a rapid deterioration of natural resources, a quick decrease of agricultural workers who have significant improvement of quality and inadequacy of capital investment. Besides, the traditional production factors continue to weaken comparative advantage, accordingly, the modem （senior） factors of production have not yet fully developed, which leads to the lack of competitive advantage in the international market and to the expanding of trade deficit. Therefore, China needs to adjust the structure of factor endowment and foster modem production factors, such as technology and system; to promote the evolution of comparative advantage by technological innovation; to release factor activity and transfer the transformation from comparative advantage into competitive advantage by system innovation, then promote the development of modem agriculture in China and ensure the country＇s food supply security.