走向融合的刑事法与民事法——基于菲律宾刑法中“民事责任”条款的启示

Integration of Criminal Law and Civil Law——A Discussion on “Civil Liability” Clause of the Penal Code of the Philippines

菲律宾刑法专编专章规定犯罪人的民事责任,这一立法体例对于犯罪人切实承担对被害人的民事赔偿责任、保障和救济被害人的权利以及促进刑事法与民事法的融合具有重要的启示意义。在犯罪人的民事责任上,我国刑事法与民事法的规定不协调并且存在较多的冲突和矛盾,进而致使被害人的赔偿权利难以实现。因此,我国刑事法与民事法的深度融合是应然的趋势。至于我国刑事法与民事法实现融合的路径选择,在理念层面,应该及时转变观念,注重保障被害人的权利;在规范层面,需要完善刑事立法,保持刑民规范的一致;在实践层面,必须协调刑民司法,确保刑事纠纷的解决。

The Penal Code of the Philippines specifically stipulates the civil liability of the perpetrators,which is of great significance in ensuring the criminal＇s civil liability to pay compensation to the victim,and in guaranteeing the rights of the victim and promoting the integration of criminal law and civil law. About the civil liability of the perpetrator,there exist conflict and contradictions among provisions of China＇s criminal law and civil law,which makes it difficult to protect the victims＇ right to compensations. Therefore,the author holds it necessary for China＇s criminal law and civil law to integrate. As for the realization of integration of China＇s criminal law and civil law,efforts should be made in conceptual,normative and practical aspects： we must change our ideas and put emphasis on victim right protection;we must improve criminal legislation and maintain consistency between the criminal law and the civil law,and we must coordinate criminal and civil justice to ensure the resolution of criminal disputes.