云南省居民酒后驾驶的流行趋势及影响因素

Epidemic trends and influencing factors of drink-driving in residents of Yunnan Province

目的了解云南省居民酒后驾驶行为的流行特征及危险因素,为制定相关的防治对策与措施提供科学依据。方法分别于2007和2010年采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,随机抽取每户中1名15~69岁常住人口进行调查,比较和分析居民酒后驾驶行为的流行状况及危险因素。结果云南省居民2007和2010年的酒后驾驶率分别为23.99%和18.05%。但是云南省酒后驾驶率均高于全国2002年的平均水平（13.2%）。云南省酒后驾驶行为的高危人群特征是少数民族、男性、15~34岁的年轻人和饮酒者。少数民族酒后驾驶的可能性分别是汉族的1.69（95%CI为1.13~2.53）和2.14倍（95%CI为1.29~3.54）,女性酒后驾驶的可能性是男性的0.42倍（95%CI为0.20~0.86）。结论云南省居民酒后驾驶行为严重,应进一步加大执法力度,积极开展和推进多部门合作,加强对全人群的综合干预。同时,应针对少数民族和男性人群,尤其饮酒者开展重点人群的强化干预,从而降低云南省居民酒后驾驶习惯,减少道路交通伤害的发生。

[Objective] To understand the epidemic characteristics and risk factors of drink-driving behavior in residents of Yunnan Province, provide a scientific basis for developing relevant measures.[Methods]By using the multistage stratified random sampling method, a resident aged 15-69 years old was randomly sampled from each household in 2007 and 2010 respectively, to compare and analyze the epidemic situation and influencing factors of drink-driving.[Results] The rate of drink-driving in residents of Yunnan Province in 2007 and 2010 was 23.99% and 18.05% respectively, while both were higher than the national average level（13.2%）. The high-risk populations of drink-driving behavior in Yunnan Province were minority nationality, male,Young people aged 15-34 years old, and drinkers. The possibility of drink-driving in minority nationality people was 1.69（95% CI of 1.13-2.53） and 2.14（95% CI of 1.29-3.54） times greater than that in Han nationality people. The possibility of drink-driving in females was 0.42 times（95% CI of 0.20-0.86） times greater than that in males.[Conclusion] The drink-driving behavior in residents of Yunnan Province is serious, so it is necessary to strengthen law enforcement, actively implement and promote the multi-section cooperation, and improve the comprehensive intervention among entire population. Meanwhile, the strengthening intervention in key population should be carried out among minority nationality and males, so as to reduce the drink-driving behavior in residents of Yunnan Province, and decrease the traffic accidents.